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David A. Eastmond
Professor and Chair of Cell Biology and Research Toxicologist
Email: david.eastmond@ucr.edu
Mechanisms of toxicity and carcinogenesis of agricultural and environmental chemicals in humans and other mammals.
Research in my laboratory focuses on the mechanisms involved in the toxicity and carcinogenesis of environmental and
agricultural chemicals. One important goal of this research is to provide information allowing the potential adverse
health effects associated with chemical exposure in human populations to be more accurately estimated. Investigations
are performed using a variety of chemical, biochemical and molecular approaches with isolated enzyme, cell culture and
animal model systems. Currently investigations are underway to study the metabolism and chromosome-damaging effects of
several cancer-causing agents including benzene, a widely used industrial chemical and environmental pollutant,
ortho-phenylphenol, an extensively used fungicide and disinfectant and N-nitrosodimethylamine, a component of
mainstream and environmental tobacco smoke.
In addition, we have an active research program which uses molecular cytogenetic techniques to detect chromosomal
alterations occurring in chemically exposed human populations. These human biomonitoring approaches should allow the
early detection of genotoxic effects and allow treatment or intervention strategies to be implemented. Studies are
currently underway applying fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific DNA probes and related
immunochemical techniques to detect chromosomal changes occurring in cells isolated from the blood, semen, bladder
and/or mouth of humans involved in cigarette smoking, benzene manufacture or employed spraying pesticides.
Selected Publications:
- Uppala PT, Roy SK, Tousson A, Barnes S, Uppala GR, Eastmond DA (2005) Induction of cell proliferation,
micronuclei and hyperdiploidy/polyploidy in the mammary cells of DDT- and DMBA-treated pubertal rats, Environmental
and Molecular Mutagenesis 46:43-52.
- Eastmond DA, Mondrala ST, Hasegawa L (2005) Topoisomerase II inhibition by myeloperoxidase-activated
hydroquinone: A potential mechanism underlying the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of benzene,
Chemico-Biological Interactions 153-154:207-216.
- Roy SK, Thilagar AT, Eastmond DA (2005) Chromosome breakage is primarily responsible for the micronuclei induced
by 1,4-dioxane in the bone marrow and liver of young CD-1 mice. Mutation Research 586:28-37.
- Olaharski AJ, Sotelo R, Solorza-Luna G, Gonsebatt ME, Guzman P, Mohar A, Eastmond DA (2006) Tetraploidy and
Chromosomal Instability are Early Events During Cervical Carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 27:337-343.
- Balakrishnan S, Eastmond D.A. (2006) Micronuclei and cell proliferation as early biological markers of
ortho-phenylphenol-induced changes in the bladder of male F344 rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology 44:1340-1347.
- Kim AS, Eastmond DA, Preston RJ (2006) Childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia and perspectives on risk assessment
of early-life stage exposures. Mutation Research - Reviews 613:138-160.
- Wang L, Roy SK, Eastmond DA (2007) Differential cell cycle-specificity for chromosomal damage induced by
merbarone and etoposide in V79 cells. Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
616:70-82.
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